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Mechanisms of Cross Presentation By Dr. Kanury Rao

Mechanisms of Cross Presentation By Dr. Kanury Rao

The cross presentation is a primary mechanism of monitoring phagocytes and tissues to detect the existence of unknown antigens. The dendritic cells have the capability to process extra-cellular antigens. The other cells which are also associated with cross presentation are:

The above cells are found to be cross presenting antigens in vitro and vivo.

What is Cross Presentation?

The exogenous antigens are generally present on the top of the dendritic cells by MHC II. The function of the cross presentation is to place these antigens by the MHC I. Despite the association of MHC I with infected endogenous antigens, the cross presentation has made it possible to utilize it without triggering any kind of infection.

Determinants of Cross Presentation

The factors that regulate the function of cross presentation:

Role of Cross Presentation in Immunity

Cross presentation has been successful in acting as the immune shield against popular:

Viruses:

Tumor:

Bacteria:

Role of an expert

To make the immune system extra-responsive, you must always seek an expert’s aid. Dr. Kanury Rao is an eminent immunologist who in his research days has monitored the evolution of the diseases and the therapies.

Role of Cross Presentation in Immunity Tolerance

¹The procedure of cross presentation of the dendritic cells is impactful. In other words, it leaves a consequence of peripheral and central immunity tolerance. The dendritic cells that include the peripheral tissue are able of defending against cytotoxic T cells compatible of producing self peptides.

They produce antigens (tissue specific) in lymph nodes for regulation of the T cells. The scenario is different in the central tolerance. The location of dendritic cells is in the Thymus.

Medulla thymic epithelial cells initiate the antigens. However, the relationship between ìthe dendritic cells and the central tolerance is yet to be known. Moreover, it has been observed that these thymic dendritic cells play a complimentary to mTECs during selecting T cells negatively.

Dr. Kanury Rao has acquired a vast knowledge in this field with his 20 years of invaluable practice.

Significance of Cross Presentation in Surveilling Immunity

This procedure is the sole means to detect and react to the viral mutations. These infections refer to the mutations of the parenchymal cells. The dendritic cells are professional APCs are possess the ability of cross presenting the antigens.

Endocrytic mechanism like macropinocytocis or phagocytosis assists these cells to extract protein from the other cells. Hence, the 1 of the antigens involve two dissimilar procedures:

The nature of an antigens determines the pathway. Therefore, through either of this mechanism, it can participate in the vivo cross presentation. The end product of this presentation can be any of the following:

The Role of Degraded Delayed Antigen

The last few years of observations have concluded that the stable intra-endosomal antigen regulates cross-presentation in  complicated manners. Check out the below points for further explanation on it:

The most Complicated Mechanism of Cross Presentation

Post entry of the antigens into the endosomal compartments (non-degradative), they are processed. The proteasomal degradation of them are done during this process. This is the primary procedure of cross presenting the antigens. However, there is an ongoing argument in relation to the in-depth analysis of this intracellular transportation.

Conclusion

Hundreds of researches have been conducted till date to understand the mechanism of cross presentation. Several questions have also come up in the due process regarding this Molecular mechanisms. For example: How are the antigens transported into the cytosol? What mechanism is effective in vividly?, etc. Dr. Kanury Rao is a leading immunologist who is associated with the research and studies of peptides synthesis. He is also the designer of synthetic peptide vaccines.

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